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I find that I am anxious about making sure to honor the person that I'm speaking about, especially if they are the person I am speaking to or are of a high position.

Take this interrogative sentence spoken to someone revered:

Are you, teacher, the one who sent it?

이것을 보낸 분 입니까?

I have purposefully left out the honorific final ending to the two verbs (one functioning as an adjective, of course).

Here are the options for including (으)시:

이것을 보낸 분 이십니까?

이것을 보내신 분 이십니까?

I usually end up over conjugating and using the latter...I would be grateful for some guidance, not just on what people tend to do, but what is the most honorific and/or what is beyond honorific headed into nonsensical.

update

In general I find that as my mind is constructing a sentence that does not require honoring someone, I can speak rather fluently. When it comes to the final verb conjugation, that too, I do well.

The verb-conjugation-adjectives (if I may coin a dumb phrase) trip me up; because, I have to literally pause and get a picture in my mind of the direction of each adjective phrase to figure out to whom it applies and calculate whether or not to add honor to them.

I typically am speaking Korean at church where business-speak is probably in play a good bit, but that is not the air with wich I wish to speak.

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  • I made the change from 선생님은 to 선생님이 at the suggestion of a native Korean, who said that 선생님은 isn't "pointing" enough when asking who the actor is. I'm not sure I'm quite clear on the reason myself though - i'd have to ask another question! Commented Dec 31, 2016 at 18:16
  • I would say that final 시 is more important. Just using 입니까 would be rude, I think.
    – B. Alvn
    Commented Jan 2, 2017 at 1:37
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    @topomorto - thx, 은는/이가 is like an ambidextrous fighter that always counters with the opposite hook that i intend to block with. many black eyes. Commented Jan 2, 2017 at 13:19
  • I see that my former answer was not on point. Your new example sentence won't work, but changing it slightly 주문하신 분이세요 or 전화하신 분이세요 would be typical; 전화하신 분이십니까 is more respect and the limit of ordinary speech. To go beyond it (and into the absurd) would require archaic forms.
    – Catomic
    Commented Jan 2, 2017 at 13:53
  • i'll have to come up with a better example, it may take some time. i was trying to keep it clinical, small in nature. but in this case, i would not stumble, so it's not a good example. when there are multiple adjective conjugates within clauses before the final verb conjugation, that is when it gets hairy, and i suppose i'm simply wondering to what degree every thing referring to the honored person must be conjugated with the 으시다 in it. Commented Jan 2, 2017 at 16:05

1 Answer 1

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I've been told that essentially the more (으)시's you put in, the more polite you're being. As with English, if you go super-polite, you might be in danger of over-egging the pudding, or sounding insincere - but it will still make sense.

One '(으)시' is enough to show politeness:

선생님이 보내신 분 입니까?

선생님이 보낸 분 이십니까?

If you wanted to level up the politeness, the next step would be to make sure you use the honorific subject particle:

선생님께서 보내신 분 입니까?

선생님께서 보낸 분 이십니까?

The ultimate in politeness would be

선생님께서 보내신 분 이십니까?

That might be appropriate if a parent was asking the teacher the question in front of her child, for example, 'demonstrating' politeness. It might be a bit much if said by a colleague of the teacher with only themselves and the teacher present.

As a more general point, you don't need to worry too much about getting the politeness level every sentence exactly right - often the speech level can even vary a bit over the course of a dialogue. From what I've noticed, the most important thing to get right is the honorific forms of verbs (드시다 instead of 먹다, 주무시다 instead of 자다, etc.) Though I make mistakes all the time, the only time a Korean has actually corrected my politeness level was when I offered someone some food and invited them to "먹으세요"!

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  • Genuine question (I'm a learner, obviously)... what was wrong with saying "먹으세요"? Commented Jan 3, 2017 at 12:54

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